SMA Solar Technology, a German-based company founded in 1981, is a leading global distributor of solar power solutions. Their inverters are highly regarded for reliability, making them popular in the Australian market. This guide will explore the most common error codes of SMA inverters, their causes, and recommended corrective measures.
Error Code 101, 102, 103 – Grid Fault
Message: The grid voltage or impedance is too high, leading to disconnection from the utility grid.
Cause: Check grid voltage within the permissible range. If outside range, contact the grid operator for adjustments.
Correction: Ensure proper grid conditions. If a problem persists, contact SMA Service.
Error Code 202, 203, 205 – Grid Fault
Message: Grid disconnection due to utility grid issues, damaged AC cable, or low grid voltage.
Cause: Check circuit breaker, AC cable, and country data settings. Ensure grid voltage is within limits.
Correction: Address issues with connections, settings, or contact grid operator. Persistent issues require SMA Service.
Error Code 301 – Grid Fault
Message: Inverter disconnects due to the ten-minute average grid voltage exceeding limits.
Cause: Check and adjust the grid voltage at the inverter connection point.
Correction: Address grid voltage issues with the grid operator. If a problem persists, contact SMA Service.
Error Code 302 – Active Power Limit AC Voltage
Message: Inverter limits power due to high grid voltage for grid stability.
Cause: Check grid voltage fluctuations and seek grid operator approval for inverter parameter changes.
Correction: Coordinate changes with the grid operator and SMA Service.
Error Code 401, 404 – Grid Fault
Message: Inverter disconnects due to stand-alone grid or significant power frequency change.
Cause: Check for short-term frequency fluctuations in the grid.
Correction: Address grid connection issues and check for frequency fluctuations.
Error Code 501 – Grid Fault
Message: Inverter disconnects due to power frequency outside the permissible range.
Cause: Check power frequency for fluctuations and seek grid operator approval for inverter parameter changes.
Correction: Coordinate changes with the grid operator and SMA Service.
Error Code 601 – Grid Fault
Message: Inverter detects high DC proportion in the grid current.
Cause: Check for DC in the grid.
Correction: If frequent, contact the grid operator for monitoring threshold adjustment.
Error Code 701 – Frequency Not Permitted:
Message: Power frequency is outside the permissible range.
Cause: Check power frequency and seek grid operator approval for parameter changes.
Correction: Coordinate changes with the grid operator and SMA Service.
Error Codes 901, 1001, 1101, 1302, 1501 – Connection Issues:
Message: Various connection faults related to grounding, incorrect connections, or configuration.
Cause: Check and correct grounding, connections, and configuration.
Correction: Ensure correct connections and configurations.
Extended Error Codes
Error Code 3301 – Unstable Operation
Indicates insufficient power at the DC input for stable operation. Collaborate with solar designers to ensure the PV array is appropriately sized and free from shading issues.
Error Code 3401, 3402, 3407 – DC Overvoltage
Addresses overvoltage at the DC input, emphasizing the need to disconnect the inverter immediately. Regular monitoring of DC voltage and swift corrective actions can prevent potential damage to the inverter.
Error Code 3501 – Insulation Failure
Highlights the detection of a ground fault in the PV array. Routine checks for ground faults in the PV system and prompt corrective measures are essential for maintaining system integrity.
Error Code 3801, 3802, 3805 – DC Overcurrent
Indicates overcurrent at the DC input, briefly interrupting feed-in operation. Ensuring the PV array is correctly rated and wired is crucial to prevent frequent occurrences of this error.
Error Code 3901, 3902 – Waiting for DC Start Conditions
Highlight conditions not yet fulfilled for grid feed-in. Adjusting parameters like critical voltage for starting grid feed-in and ensuring optimal conditions for DC start prevent recurring instances of this error.
Error Code 4011 – Bridged Strings Determined
Signals parallel connection of DC inputs A and B. Ensuring proper configuration and avoiding parallel connections can prevent potential issues related to bridged strings.
Error Code 6002-6412 – Interference Device
Indicates interference device-related issues, necessitating intervention from SMA Service to determine the cause and implement corrective measures.
Error Codes 6501, 6502, 6509 – Overtemperature
The inverter switches off due to excessive temperature. Adequate ventilation and periodic cleaning of cooling elements are essential to prevent overheating-related errors.
Conclusion
As the solar energy landscape evolves, so do the challenges associated with inverter performance. SMA’s commitment to addressing these challenges is evident in the continuous refinement of error codes and the development of advanced features in their inverters. This extended guide aims to equip solar enthusiasts and professionals with a comprehensive understanding of a broader spectrum of SMA inverter error codes, fostering a proactive approach to solar system maintenance and optimization. In an ever-changing energy environment, the collaboration between solar stakeholders and SMA remains vital for the seamless integration and sustainability of solar power systems.
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